The State Based Justice System - 1550 Words

Before the rise of the developed state, crime and social order was maintained through informal social controls, such as ridicule and expulsion. Behaviour was controlled through norms and strong desires to maintain in-group conformity and solidarity. These societies had no centralized agent for formal control. This was known as community justice (Griffiths, 2011, p. 13). As societies developed and evolved, the informal community justice system was replaced by the formal state based justice system. As a result, crime was enforced by designated officials (Griffiths, 2011, p. 13). Despite the advantages of community justice empowering victims and reducing prison sentences, the state based justice system is best used in Canada as it is able to settle disputes between strangers, curb violence and achieve fairness and objectivity. State Based Justice System The state-based justice system is the current sanctioning system operating in Western societies. This system operates through a hierarchy controlled almost entirely by the government (Clear, Hamilton Cadora, 2011, p. 22). Specifically, the state based structure is organized through the federal, provincial and municipal levels. Each works separately with the collective goal of preventing and reducing crime (Griffiths, 2011, p. 5). With this structure, each jurisdiction is responsible for not encroaching on the other. For example, police do not infringe on the courts, prosecutors or correctional officials (Clear, et al., 2011,Show MoreRelatedIncarceration And High Disproportionality Of Aboriginal Offenders1347 Words   |  6 PagesBy incarcerating offenders the state based justice system ignores offenders needs and histories (Elliott, 2011, p. 72). The state assumes offenders are rational. This rationality is tied to the system looking at the individual lev el or the â€Å"bad apples† of responsibility (Zimbardo, 2008; Elliot, 2011, p. 72). However, a rational decision maker is unable to always predict potential alternatives and consequences (Zsolnai, 1997). Therefore, the individual level of responsibly ignores other systematicRead MoreHsm 315 Healthcare701 Words   |  3 PagesWeek 1 – The Concepts of Market Justice and Social Justice James R. Freehahn HSM 315 The American Healthcare System Instructor Dr. Cheryl Chance, PhD. February 27, 2015 The Concepts of Market Justice and Social Justice Introduction In this paper, I will describe the concepts of market justice and social justice, explain how the two principles complement each other and in what way they conflict in delivery of health care in the United States. Secondly, I will discuss how health care isRead MoreCompnents of the Criminal Justice System Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesComponents of the Criminal Justice System Byron S. Salter 03/03/12 CJA/204 Introduction to Criminal Justice Michael Paris The three major components of the criminal justice system are policing, corrections, and the courts system. They all work together to prevent crime and to punish those who have committed crime, but they can also work as individual units to make self service gains. This paper will go into detail the components of the criminal justice system; define what crime is and itsRead MoreLatino And Hispanic : The United States And Latin America1267 Words   |  6 Pagesreport A call to action on behalf of Latino and Latina youth in the U.S. justice system, focuses on the Latinos community residing in the United States and Latin America. Primarily, the research focuses on Latino/a youths in the criminal justice system. Furthermore, the research report discusses Latino communities are getting differential treatment than other racial and ethnic communities from the United States criminal justice system. The research report has many case studies and story of incidences ofRead MoreThe Problem Ident ified:. Every Day People Are Faced With1648 Words   |  7 PagesThe Problem Identified: Every day people are faced with images of violence, but few people notice that women are disproportionately affected. Women are frequently victims of gender based violence, â€Å"violence that is directed against a person on the basis of gender† (MuJER Guatemala). While gender violence is prominent in much of Latin America, in Guatemala it has become an epidemic with 1-2 women being murdered every day (MuJER Guatemala). Overall, Guatemala has the third highest rate of femicideRead MoreCriminal Justice: Racial Disparity and Discrimination and O.J. Simpson768 Words   |  4 PagesCriminal law is based on the principle of actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea. The principle is to the extent that a man is not guilty of his acts, actus in the absence of a guilty conscience, mens rea (Gardner, 2009). To this end, criminal law justice provides that the person alleging the commission of a crime must proof beyond reasonable doubt that the accused person(s) possessed mens rea, if the court is to hold a criminal liability against the accused. In the case of People of the State of CaliforniaRead MoreOrganizational Issues and Criminology1605 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction- When we think of the criminal justice system in the United States, we are referring to a broad collection of federal, state, and local agencies that are focused on crime prevention and upholding the law. In general, these agencies uphold the law at various levels, investigate crime, process the accused, compile evidence, work with the district attorney, and develop profiles and crime prevention techniques. The process of the criminal justice organization is designed to work in conjunctionRead More Criminal Justice vs. Community Justice Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Justice vs. Community Justice Crime is defined as an act or omission that the law makes punishable. There are different ways in dealing with crime. One, our current system, is the criminal justice approach. Also known as retributive justice, this system is more offender directed than anything else. The other system, which many people think is better, is the community justice, or restorative approach. The restorative approach is much more victim oriented. There is a debate over whichRead MoreThe Court System Of The United States1071 Words   |  5 Pagesin the criminal justice system. The dual court system of the United States (U.S.) was established through the U.S. constitution. The court systems have a multiple purposes and elements of court. Federal and state court system is what makes up the dual court system of the U.S. Today the U.S. court system is what it is today because of previous legal codes, common law, and the precedent it played in the past. Making the U.S. court system a vital role in the criminal justice system.. A court is aRead MoreWhy Do We as a Society Need a Criminal Justice System Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesWhy do we (as a society) need a criminal justice system? Introduction As a society there is need for a criminal justice system, as it is essential to have laws throughout the population. We have these laws so people cannot use money or power to benefit themselves. The laws also establish that each person should understand their and everyone else’s rights and obligations within the community. The criminal justice system, is a system of laws and rulings which protect community members

The Importance Of Wealth And A Consumerist Nation

Derek Crosby Online British Literature 6 August 2015 Social Classholes: The Importance of Wealth Historically and in a Consumerist Nation One of the most important aspects of any novel is the theme. Furthermore, themes that express practicalities that people in the real world deal with regularly are that much more effecting. That’s why novels like Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre are timeless; their themes are extremely important and will forever ring true in society. Most prevalently of the themes in these novels is social class. Social class is something that has been, and always will be, very important to society; as happens in the novels, people are unjustly judged based upon their monetary position in society. For the setting of the stories, these people saw nothing wrong with this prejudice; and this was also a truth in reality. The more privileged were more eligible for happiness. When studying history, literature, and just the normal everyday life, social class pops up into nearly every medium. In the United States, the relevance and importance of social class is absolutely enormous. The hulking impact that class and stature has on people is largely apart of the nations problems. Statistics are shocking; the amount of homeless people, or just the population of people in poverty in all, is a number to be dealt with. The numbers are astounding; ninety percent of all American citizens share one percent of the wealth. The other ninetyShow MoreRelatedCapitalism on Wages and Income Essay1426 Words   |  6 Pageslabour provided so there is a lot of exploitation. The capitalist is able to influence many people with the wage, therefore his profits becomes unlimited. He is able to achieve this through use of wealth accumulated earlier. Therefore, in the end the capitalist will continues to accumulate more wealth while the poor becomes poorer and venerable. Wages are very dependent on productivity, always with wages lagging behind though increases in productivity. Therefore for the poor to benefit wages mustRead MoreEssay on Criticisms of Consumerism and Materialism in Fight Club1134 Words   |  5 Pagesdont concern me. What concerns me is celebrity magazines, television with five hundred channels, some guys name on my underwear†(29 min.) We are a generation comprised of invidious and conspicuous consumers, desperately trying to meet society’s consumerist criteria; seeking the false promise of the American dream. This is the reality presented in Fincher’s Fight Club (1999), one of â€Å"the rawest, most hot-blooded, provocatively audacious, dangerous movies to come of out Hollywood† (Morris, 1999). ThroughRead MoreTranscendentalism And Its Impact On Society2407 Words   |  10 PagesFuller once said, â€Å"Men for the sake of getting a living forget to live.† In today’s society, a strong emp hasis on material wealth exists, while the importance of happiness is underrated. America as a whole is twice as wealthy as it was fifty years ago, while the overall level of happiness has remained stagnant (Belic). Point in case, society must remove this focus on wealth, which is causing many to lead unfulfilled lives of quiet desperation. One can achieve a life of contentment by applying theRead More Emerson and Thoreau Represent American Identity1511 Words   |  7 Pagescreate American Identity through creation of an intellectual scholars, which was unique and free from European influence and secondly it will discuss the way in which Thoreau contributed to the creation of unique America with the belief in anti-consumerist by experimenting a simple and harmonious living with nature. Being one of the leading transcendentalists, Ralph Waldo Emerson encouraged American authors to find their own style instead of imitating foreign (European) authors to construct the realRead MoreA Solution to the Population Problem:1724 Words   |  7 PagesIncreasing importance has been placed upon population and population growth over the course of the past few centuries. Scientists are frenetically searching for the solution to this issue, and their outcomes are bleak. They are telling the world that if population growth does not slow, the earth will swell to a capacity too large to sustain itself and the conclusion will be apocalyptic. Explanations are numerous, however viable solutions are difficult to find. Adherents to the Malthusian theoryRead More Confucian Philosophy and Corporate Responsibility1630 Words   |  7 Pagestraded corporation has been widely criticized due to the fact that its responsibility rests exclusively with its shareholders as opposed to resting wi th society at large. The essential goal of a corporation as an institution is to create monetary wealth for those in communal possession of it. This leads, however, to another facet of the corporation in terms of Confucian philosophy. It could be said that a corporation is, in fact, a microcosmic reflection of a unified, collectivist whole. Much asRead MoreThe Symbolic Cultural System Of Religion Essay2274 Words   |  10 Pagesissue-based event can be measured only in terms of number, frankly speaking the death toll. Since the British introduced the first all India census in 1871, subsequent Indian governments held a decennial census that is said to enrich the country with a wealth of data. The transformation of Muslims from ruling elite to a subjected minority in colonized India can never be denied to have affected the psyche of competing ethnic elites who are worried about the reduced number of their groups that would costRead MoreInculcate Ethical Values in Children to Protect the Nation from the Depleting Morals and Ethical Values Under the Shade of Globalization2378 Words   |  10 PagesWays and Means to inculcate Ethical Values in the children to protect the nation from the depleting morals and ethical values under the shade of Globalization `Children are our most valuable natural resource. -Herbert Hoover â€Å"India will be radiant when our children are free to dance in the rain- Azim H Premji, Chairman Wipro. â€Å"It is necessary that steps are taken to properly nurture them in the right direction at an early age, says Sriram Kannan. Introduction Ethical values generally refer toRead MoreBusiness Ethics : American Consumerism At Fault2176 Words   |  9 Pages†(Singh) coupled with being the leaders of the free world create an unparalleled nation. However, blinded by our convenient accessibility to everything and anything, we often forget that our consumer choices have repercussions to others across the globe. For many products, including apparel and food, we overconsume and underpay at the expense of the poor, our health and the environment. It’s time we, as a nation, shift our thinking to focus less on individuals getting the cheapest and fastestRead MoreTheoretical Perspectives on Iraq War 20032293 Words   |  10 Pagesreflects the realist interpretation of international system which is characterized by anarchy and therefore, it is not considered prudent for a State to entrust its safety and survival on another actor or international institutions such as United Nations. CRITICAL THEORY / MARXIST PERSPECTIVE Critical theory, on the other hand, as propounded by Robert Cox is a rejoinder to Neo-realism. According to Mark Rupert, Neo-Realism â€Å"only describes patterns in the operation of power among States without inquiring

The Gilded Age Essay - 4015 Words

The Gilded Age A successful economy is perhaps the most key ingredient leading to a successful nation. An economy is a delicate balance of many different conflicting and coexisting elements. Naturally, an economy’s success can often be measured by the amount of wealth it contains, not to mention the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of its distribution of the wealth. Effective distribution of wealth is no easy feat. Wealthy and poor people will always need to coexist- this is an inescapable truth. The government’s job in many cases becomes that of a referee. Naturally, perfect peace and harmony between two totally different classes would be a utopia, and probably will never be completely achieved. A government must, therefore,†¦show more content†¦The market model of economy, developed by Adam Smith entails a freely flowing economy that places little or not restriction on occupation allowing individuals utmost rights. America took on an ethos of a mixed economy of market and c ommand that struck a successful economic equilibrium. American economy also changes with different periods of history. The Civil War had lit the spark of industrialization needed to enhance the American economy. Technology advanced by leaps and bounds and free labor was done away with to make room for Industrialization and Adam Smith’s market model of capitalism. Capitalism was a promoter of the entrepreneur and individual success. It was only natural that during this time of private interest the gap between rich and poor would be greatly widened and a state of disorder might arise. Capitalism was a new ideology and drastic labor problems and social disorder arose because Americans were simply adjusting to (and taking advantage of) the new system. Although the gap between rich and poor during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century was unquestionably large, the nation was also prospering through large economic gains. Although it may have seemed like a nation in which the rich were detached from the poor, the US was actually harvesting a new breed of self-accomplishing individuals. With the end of free labor, the US had sought a new ideology, and found it in AdamShow MoreRelatedThe Gilded Age : An Analysis Of The Gilded Age793 Words   |  4 Pages The term Gilded age comes from Twain and Dudleys book named the Gilded Age. The world Gilded itself means something that is covered in gold but actually has nothing of value underneath. The gilded age was an attempt to fix a broken system after reconstruction had finished, but in reality it was just putting a blanket over the real problem. The gilded age was a good time for the higher ups, those who owned business or were in the government, they were able to benefit at the cost of American workersRead MoreThe Gilded Age1785 Words   |  8 PagesThe Unscrupulousness of the Avaricious The Gilded Age was a time in American history, from the 1870s to the 1890s, which ostensibly characterized the country based on its economic and technological advancements. However this era’s development served as a mere facade for the corruption and classism which occurred during the time. From economic manipulation to immorality in politics, the Gilded Age is best characterized by the unscrupulous nature of individuals who sought to attain superficial successRead MoreEntertainment in the Gilded Age1450 Words   |  6 Pagesentrepreneurs and business people of the time, because there was money to be made in this desire for amusement. Of course, this was not the whole story of the new Gilded Age, but it was definitely an era of growing leisure time and the business that came along with it. One of the most popular forms of entertainment during the Gilded Age was theater, particularly Vaudeville, which was a type of variety theater prominent in late 19th century America. Of course, similar types of variety shows had existedRead MoreThe Gilded Age Of America1621 Words   |  7 Pageshelp build and maintain a better America. The Gilded Age, during the late 1800’s, was a time in America where we experienced explosive economic growth, serious social problems, new innovative technology, and the rise of corporations and corruption in politics. We have learned from some of these things that we went through in the Gilded Age and fixed them, but we are still facing some of the problems we faced back then, today. During the Gilded Age, America experienced many economic and technologicalRead MoreThe Gilded Age And The Age Of Information1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe term the â€Å"Gilded Age† was coined by Mark Twain. â€Å"By this, he meant that the period was glittering on the surface but corrupt underneath.† With its period of extreme economic growth, there was tremendous wealth, but only for the wealthy. The â€Å"Second Gilded Age,† which some say was brought on as the Information Age, brings a level of inequality to America that has never been seen before. Experts believe that this shift could kill the American dream. The Gilded Age and the Age of Information areRead MoreThe Progressive And Gilded Age914 Words   |  4 PagesThe Progressive and Gilded Age in America The Progressives were a group of reformers such as writers, politicians, and Social welfare advocate, etc. living mainly in cities during the early 20th century and working to change legislative issues, financial aspects, and good society. They accepted that change could originate from inside of man, and along these lines, dismisses the believe of Social Darwinism and regular determination. They were in charge of the section of many laws, including restrictionRead MoreGilded Age Essay872 Words   |  4 Pagestroubles, we shouldnt test people for drugs, we should test them for stupidity, ignorance, greed and love of power.† When Mark Twain and Charles Dudley coined the phrase ‘gilded age’ to describe what they saw in the late 19th century I’m sure they would agree wholeheartedly with Mr. O’Rourke. What does it mean ‘gilded age’? Gilded means to coat with a thin layer of gold, which I’m sure almost always is covering an inferior product. When one thinks of America one of the first thoughts that pop intoRead MoreAnalysis Of The Gilded Age1348 Words   |  6 PagesNew Spirits is a major text in Gilded Age historiography because Edwards encompasses social, political, and economic history, weaving them together into a cohesive narrative. Critics mention her lack of footnotes (but are quick to point out that her extensive â€Å"for further reading† sections help to balance this) and that her emphasis on cohesion may be overstated. Edward’s thesis is that the Gilded Age was not a patently bad time in American history, but that America underwent tremendous change, usheringRead MoreThe Era Of The Gilded Age1153 Words   |  5 Pagesthis time in history seemed progressive on many fronts, it was known as the â€Å"Gilded Age†. The Gilded Age was a three decade time in America that involved an expanding economy and a useless government. The thought of going to an American city, getting a job, an d getting paid was ideal to most outsiders. The problem was, once they arrived and found a job, it was not as wonderful as it seemed . It was called the Gilded Age because, from the outside, everything looked wonderful, but on the inside itRead MoreGilded Age Dbq Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesThe Gilded Age was the time of rapid economic growth for the United States. The period where little corporations turned into a millionaire company. The time of one of the most dynamic, contentious, and volatile periods in American history happened. National wealth increased dramatically but their was a problem for the poor and the farmers of the U.S. People may say that the Gilded Age was the era of corruption, harsh labor and brutal industrial competition, but others think that the Gilded Age is

Children and Young Person Development free essay sample

Child and young person development Physical development Age range| Description of the stage| An example of how this impacts onanother aspect of development| 0 – 3 months| The first 3 months of a new-born’s physical development will pass by more quickly than you can imagine. During this time parents will note a change in there infant’s growth, appearance, motor abilities, and sensory development. | | 3 – 6 months| In months 3 through 6, Babies physical development continues to progress. He/She has graduated from the new-born look to that of a baby with full cheeks and a plump body. They will also be able to begin to show a whole new range of skills and abilities| | 6 – 9 months| Between 6 to 9 months you will be amazed by the physical development of your little one. While he continues to master the skills he learned  in previous months, you will now see him move (quite literally) to new levels in many areas of development. | | 9 – 12 months| Not only have they grown from this tiny infant that once fit in the crook of their parents arm, but they are now making both literal and figurative steps toward increased mobility and agility. During this stage everything is new and interesting. Use 5 senses to explore the environment around them. They all able to stand on their two feet but will put their hands out to the side for balance. | | 2 – 4 years| At the age of two most children can climb onto furniture in the home, they are able to throw a ball but are not able to catch at this stage| | 4 – 7 years| At this stage the child will be able to develop a good sense of balance, bend at the waist to pick up objects from the floor. | 7 – 12 years| Their balance will have improved as will there walking and running skills. Their bodies will start to change as they get closer to the puberty. | | 12 – 16 years| The child’s body will start to go through the changes that are brought on by puberty. They will start to notice things and experience things that they didn’t experience before. | | 16 – 19 years| At this age the child is a fully developed young adult. There bodies should have adjusted to the changes that experienced from puberty. | | Intellectual development Indicate needs and understand basic instructions. Claps hands and can wave goodbye. | | 1 – 2 years| During this stage, language skills will progress from grunting and pointing to single words. Pronunciation is difficult. They steadily build vocabulary by taking in the language around them. | | 2 – 4 years| They are able to listen and understand stories, rhythms and conversations. As they are learning their letters but may call their numbers as letters. They will begin to ask questions about the environment around them. | . | 4 – 7 years| They should be able to hold a conversation and express their needs clearly. | 7 – 12 years| Getting their point across is key at this stage and may start an argument if they feel they are not being understood| | 12 – 16 years| Their communication skills are developed but they will begin to communicate less with their parents and more with their or siblings. They will argue a lot more at this stage to assert their independence. | | 16 – 19 years| There communication skills are fully developed but they may still be adding to their developed skills through learning other ways to communicate. | | Social, emotional and behavioural development Age range| Description of the stage| An example of how this impacts onanother aspect of development| 0 – 3 months| During the first few months babies are very restless and rely on the parents for relief from stress and other negative emotions. Therefore at this stage they are not really developing in the aspects of social, emotion and behavioural | | 3 – 6 months| Show recognition of familiar faces. Emotions will be expressed through smiles and cooing noises if happy while tears and cries will express sadness. | | 6 – 9 months| They don’t like to be separated from mum and dad and will be wary of strangers. As social beings babies will socialise well with other babies well through baby sounds. | | 9 – 12 months| They are still discovering emotions so don’t have a grasp on what is going on but they will express themselves if unhappy. | | 1 – 2 years| They are just learning to recognize and manage their feelings. They respond to conflict through tantrums or by hitting, screaming or crying. | | 2 – 4 years| Emotionally, they need familiar adults nearby for security and comfort as they continue to explore and play. They will develop more independence and start to explore true friendships with other children. They are still learning how to manage/ recognise the causes of feelings and will offer simple comfort through hug. | | 4 – 7 years| During this stage the child may have a one good friend but they will change friend easily after a minor argument. They will be attention seek to get attention from others. | | 7 – 12 years| They will be able to socialise with there peers and have a solid group of friend (2-3 children). Depending on the child some children at this stage will think they have all the answers but don’t have a concept of what they are talking about. There pretty balanced emotionally but as they get closer to 10-12 they will start to change. | | 12 – 16 years| During the stages between puberty they will start to push the behavioural boundaries and social boundaries. Emotionals will be all over the places as they go through puberty. | | 16 – 19 years| They are fully able to expressive themselves emotionally| | Task B Child and young person development Type of Influence | Give ONE example of the effect onchildren and young people’sdevelopment| Why recognising andresponding to this isimportant| Background| Religious background. Recogniseing the religious background of a child is important as many religions have a certain diet and you must make sure that you have food suitable. But also responding by allowing the child to talk about their religions amp; festivals that they may celebrate is a way for not only you but other children to recognise the importance of this event. | Health| Meningtis | It’s important to recognise the symptoms of meningitis and not get them confused with the symptoms of another illness, as soon as the symptoms are shown immediate medical attention. Responding quickly to the symptoms and contacting the medical services makes the chance of the illness becoming more severe. | Environment| family problems at home| It’s important to recognise this as it could effect the child emotionally and sociably if there is a lot of arguing at home the child may start to feel scared to interact with other people due to fear of arguments being started. Responding to this also important as you need to find away to make the child feel comfortable so they can regain interactions with other’s without the fear of starting an argument. | Task C- Child and young person development | Transition experienced by mostchildren and young people:| Example of possible effect on children andyoung people’s behaviour and development| 1| From crawling to walking| Moving from crawling to walking | 2| Going to Nursery| Going to nursery opens up there social amp; intellectual development as they are socialising with other children but are also learning new skills| 3| Developing New Skills| By developing new skills, they are able to develop skills that not only help them later in life but they may also learn that they are more gifted are certain things. Transition experienced by somechildren and young people:| Example of possible effect on children andyoung people’s behaviour and development| 1| Violence/Abuse| With children they are likely to become anixious amp; find it difficult to sleep. They may also suffer from nightmares or flashbacks and will become easily startled. 2| Death in the family| The child or young person may suffer from a long period of depression with loss of interest in daily activities and events. | 3| Parents Divorcing| A child or young person who is going through the divorce of there parents is likely to feel a sense of rejection which could affect them later in life.